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锰对作物有哪些营养作用?作物缺锰有何症状?怎样防治?

锰主要有三方面的作用:Manganese has three main functions(1)促进光合作用Promote photosynthesis近年来初步证明锰参与叶绿体的…

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锰主要有三方面的作用:

Manganese has three main functions

(1)促进光合作用

Promote photosynthesis

近年来初步证明锰参与叶绿体的结构,约200个叶绿体分子中有3-4个锰原子;锰是水光解的催化剂,反应大至如下:

In recent years, it has been preliminarily proved that manganese participates in the chloroplast structure, and there are 3-4 manganese atoms in about 200 chloroplast molecules.

放出的电子和氢离子参与和二氧化碳合成碳水化合物。

The released electrons and hydrogen ions are involved in the synthesis of carbohydrates from carbon dioxide.

(2)锰是许多酶的活化剂

Manganese is an activator of many enzymes

如柠檬酸脱氢酶、苹果酸脱氢酶、核糖核酸聚合酶、精氨酸酶等到都需要锰做活化剂,所以锰与碳素代谢、氮素代谢都有关系。

Such as citrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, ribonucleic acid polymerase, argininase and so on all need manganese to do the activator, so manganese and carbon metabolism, nitrogen metabolism are related.

(3)有调节氧化还原电位的作用

3) It has the function of regulating REDOX potential

主要是锰本身是个变价离子,有2价、3价和4价。

The main reason is that manganese itself is a variable valence ion, which has two valence, three valence and four valence.

锰有促进种子发芽幼苗生长、加速花粉萌发和花粉管伸长的作用。如根据罗宗洛等到人试验,用浓度为每升水中含有1-50毫克的锰的溶液浸种能促进种子萌发、幼苗生长;我们用0.01%硫酸锰浸黄瓜种,结果出芽整齐,根粗且长。

Manganese can promote seed germination, seedling growth, pollen germination and pollen tube elongation. For example, according to Luo zongluo and other people's test, soaking seeds with 1-50 mg manganese solution per liter of water can promote seed germination and seedling growth; soaking cucumber seeds with 0.01% manganese sulfate results in regular sprouting and thick and long roots.

作物缺锰叶片的主脉和侧脉附近为深绿色,呈带状,叶脉间为浅绿色,这种失绿症一般出现在新的枝条上;严重缺锰时叶脉间的失绿区域变成灰绿到灰白色,叶片薄,枝条有顶枯现象。禾本科作物缺锰则出现与叶脉平行为失绿条纹(浅绿色),以后逐渐变成灰绿色、灰白色或褐红色。

The main veins and lateral veins of Mn deficient leaves are dark green and banding, and the veins between leaves are light green. This chlorosis generally appears on new branches.When manganese deficiency is serious, the greenish area between the veins becomes grey-green to grey-white, the leaves are thin, and the branches have the phenomenon of top dry.On the other hand, the manganese deficiency of gramineae crops appeared green stripe (light green) in line with the behavior of leaf vein, and then gradually changed to gray-green, gray-white or maroon red.

作物缺锰时一般可喷施0.05-0.1%硫酸锰溶液。

In general, 0.05-0.1% manganese sulfate solution can be sprayed on crops when manganese deficiency occurs.

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