目前还没有可大面积应用的..防治药剂。因此必须采取相应的综合防治措施。防止和延缓病毒病的扩散。

At present, there is no specific control agent that can be applied in a large area.Therefore, we must take corresponding comprehensive prevention and control measures.Prevent and retard the spread of viral diseases.

1.选用无病毒繁殖材料

Virus free propagation materials were selected

繁殖无病毒苗木，是防治果树病毒病危害的根本措施。在目前苗木繁殖混乱的状况下，一定要重视栽植前无病毒苗的选用。不论砧木或接穗带毒，嫁接后均形成带病毒枝、株，而且终生带毒。

Propagation of virus-free seedlings is the fundamental measure to control virus disease of fruit trees. In the current situation of chaotic seedling propagation, we must pay attention to the selection of virus-free seedlings before planting. No matter whether the rootstock or scion is infected with virus, the virus bearing branches and strains are formed after grafting, and the virus is carried all the life.

防治：一是选择砧木要选用种子繁殖的实生苗;二是选择接穗一定要在生长季节7-9月份实地调查了解是否有病毒病叶、病果，是否树势健壮等等，避免将病毒接穗采回;三是避免从苹果与梨树混栽果园或靠近梨树的苹果园采集接穗(绝大多数梨树是苹果锈果病的潜隐性寄主);四是栽植成品苗木，生长季节不定期到苗木基地检查是否有病毒病植株，发生后及时拔除烧毁。尽量不要从病区病株选择苗木、接穗;五是严格植物检疫。在远距离调运苗木时，应把病毒病列为检疫对象，严防带病毒苗木植株调入。

Prevention and control: first, select the Rootstock to select the seedling of seed propagation; second, select the scion must be in the growing season from July to September to investigate whether there are virus infected leaves, diseased fruit, whether the tree is strong and so on, to avoid the virus scion back; third, avoid collecting scion from apple and pear mixed orchard or apple orchard near pear tree (the vast majority of pear trees are the latent cause of apple rust disease) The fourth is to plant finished seedlings. In the growing season, check whether there are virus disease plants in the seedling base irregularly, and remove and burn them in time. Try not to choose seedlings and scions from the diseased plants in the disease area; fifthly, strict plant quarantine. In the long-distance transportation of seedlings, the virus disease should be listed as the quarantine object, and the introduction of virus carrying seedlings should be strictly prevented.

2.消灭病源，净化环境

Eliminate the source of disease and purify the environment

一是除去野生寄主是防治核果类病毒病的重要措施。核果类很多病毒病都寄生于当地的某些樱属树种上，消灭果园周围的野生寄主;二是铲除有病根蘖。苹果树根蘖近年嫁接较多，严防嫁接再次传毒。

First, the elimination of wild host is an important measure to control drupe viroid disease. Many virus diseases of drupe are parasitic on some local cherry tree species to eliminate the wild hosts around the orchard; the second is to eradicate the diseased roots and tillers. The roots and tillers of apple trees have been grafted frequently in recent years, so it is necessary to prevent the virus from being transmitted again by grafting.

3.彻底挖除病树

Dig out the diseased trees thoroughly

一是新栽植或高接苹果树，如发现锈果病应及时挖除病株烧毁,种植禾本科或草本植物1-2年后确认无病毒再栽植果树;二是田间发现黄叶病株及时挖除带出田外烧毁。

The first is that newly planted or high grafted apple trees, if rust fruit disease is found, should be timely dug out and burned, planting gramineous or herbaceous plants after 1-2 years to confirm that there is no virus, and then planting fruit trees; the second is that yellow leaf disease plants found in the field should be timely dug out and burned out of the field.

4.加强管理

strengthen management

对叶部病毒病加强水肥管理，叶面喷肥补充养分等可减轻和预防病毒病的发生。一是科学建园，苹果新建园要远离梨园，两园相距应在200米以上，更不要苹果、梨混栽或在梨园内培育苹果苗木，尽量避免相互传染;二是增施有机肥，配方施肥，提高树体抵抗病毒的能力;三是及时浇水，严禁大水漫灌，减少根系病毒侵染传播机会;四是及时清除园间杂草，苹果园如叶蝉类昆虫发生应进行药剂防治;五是根外喷肥，及时补充营养，调节园内小气候，增强树体抗病毒能力;六是标记修剪。生长季节对花叶病株作出标记，修剪时先修剪不带病毒株再修剪病毒株，减少传播机会。

Strengthening the management of water and fertilizer, spraying fertilizer on leaves to supplement nutrients can reduce and prevent the occurrence of virus diseases. The first is to build the apple garden scientifically. The new apple garden should be far away from the pear garden. The distance between the two gardens should be more than 200 meters, and the mixed planting of apple and pear or the cultivation of apple seedlings in the pear garden should be avoided as far as possible. The second is to increase the application of organic fertilizer and formula fertilization to improve the ability of tree resistance to virus. The third is to water in time, strictly forbid flood irrigation, so as to reduce the chance of root virus infection and transmission. The fourth is to clear away the virus in time In addition to the weeds in the orchard, the occurrence of leafhoppers in apple orchard should be controlled by chemicals; fifthly, spraying fertilizer outside the roots to supplement nutrition in time, adjusting the microclimate in the garden to enhance the anti-virus ability of trees; sixthly, marking pruning. During the growing season, the mosaic virus strains were labeled. When pruning, the virus strains without virus were pruned first, and then the virus strains were pruned, so as to reduce the chance of transmission.

5. 药剂防治

chemical control

对有昆虫传毒的病枝，要及时防治叶蝉等刺吸式害虫，减少病毒的扩散机率，将虫害控制在危害前。杨凌益妙螯合技术有限公司联合有关..研制出“叶面喷施+埋根”的有效控制苹果病毒病的综合防治药剂“花克”，笔者建议果农朋友不妨试试，使用方法如下:

or the diseased branches with virus transmission by insects, it is necessary to control the piercing sucking pests such as leafhoppers in time, reduce the spread probability of the virus, and control the pests before the damage. Yangling Yimiao chelating Technology Co., Ltd. has developed "foliar spraying + root burying" which is an effective comprehensive control agent for apple virus disease "Huake". The author suggests that fruit growers might as well have a try

叶面喷施：将A药剂每袋5克兑水15公斤叶面喷施病株，加入有机硅或氮酮等高渗剂可有助于提高药效。

Foliar spraying: spraying 5 grams of a into 15 kilograms of water on diseased plants, adding high osmotic agents such as silicone or azone can help to improve the efficacy.

埋根：将B药剂(约2克可用4-5棵树)每包兑水10公斤，每瓶装250克左右，分别在病树的四个方向找10-15毫米粗细的根切断塞入瓶内，封闭瓶口并将用土填平，以免遇雨积水造成烂根;分别在4月下旬、6月下旬、8月上旬各埋根一次，可有效控制病情发展。

Root burying: add 10 kg of water to each bag of reagent B (about 2 G can be used for 4-5 trees) and 250 g of water in each bottle. Find 10-15 mm thick roots in four directions of the diseased tree, cut them off and put them into the bottle, close the bottle mouth and fill them with soil, so as to avoid rotten roots caused by rain and water. Bury the roots in late April, late June and early August respectively, which can effectively control the development of the disease.

注意事项：细胞分裂素类激素能加快病树的病情发展，应避免对病树喷施此类药物或含有此类成份的水溶肥料。

Note: cytokinin hormone can accelerate the disease development of diseased trees, so it is necessary to avoid spraying such drugs or fertilizers containing such ingredients on diseased trees.