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什么叫要根外施肥?它有哪些优点?

植物除了根部能吸收养分外,叶子及绿色枝条也能吸收养分。把含有养分的溶液喷到作物的地上部分(主要是叶片)叫做根外施肥,也就是叶…

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植物除了根部能吸收养分外,叶子及绿色枝条也能吸收养分。把含有养分的溶液喷到作物的地上部分(主要是叶片)叫做根外施肥,也就是叶面施肥。

In addition to the roots of plants can absorb nutrients, leaves and green branches can also absorb nutrients. Spraying nutrient-containing solutions onto the aboveground parts of the crop (mainly the leaves) is called root fertilization, or foliar fertilization.

根外施肥的优点在于:

External Fertilization has the advantage of:

(1)直接供给作物有效养分,防止在土壤中被固定或转化而降低肥效。

1) direct supply of effective nutrients to the crop to prevent fixation or transformation in the soil to reduce fertilizer efficiency.

(2)当根系的吸收力弱时进行根外施肥,作物容易吸收到养分。如水稻生长后期叶部喷施尿素和磷酸二氢钾会收到良好效果。

2) when the absorption of roots is weak, fertilization outside the roots can make the crops absorb nutrients easily. For example, spraying urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate on the leaves at the late stage of rice growth would have a good effect.

(3)叶片对养分的吸收及转化比根快,能及时补充作物对养分的需要。例如,尿素施于土壤中一般需4—5天后才见效,但根外喷施往往1—2天后就见效。所以在防治缺素症时采用根外施肥效果好。

3) the absorption and transformation of nutrient by leaves are faster than that by roots, which can supplement the nutrient needs of crops in time. For example, application of urea in soil usually takes 4 to 5 days, but application outside the root usually takes 1 to 2 days. Therefore, external root fertilization is effective in the prevention and treatment of element deficiency.

(4)根外施肥适宜机械化并经济有效。根外施肥的用量通常只有土壤的10%左右,许多肥料特别是尿素可与许多农药混合同时喷施。节省时间和劳力;如用机械喷施效率高见效快。在果树、茶树和蔬菜栽培中采用根外施肥.适合。

4) external root fertilization is suitable for mechanization and economical and effective. The amount of fertilizer applied outside the root is usually only about 10% of that applied in the soil, and many fertilizers, especially urea, can be applied in combination with many pesticides. Save Time and Labor; high efficiency and quick effect if using mechanical spraying. External root fertilization is most suitable for fruit, tea and vegetable cultivation.

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